Vaccines have encountered resistance ever since they were invented in the late eighteenth century. 

But vaccine skepticism has never been as vocal—or as widespread—as it has become in the United States in recent years.

Much of that has to do with the policies of the Trump administration, in particular Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., whose drastic changes at the CDC have reversed decades of American vaccination policy.

But what explains such broad receptivity to vaccine skepticism among wide swaths of Americans?

On this episode, Commonweal associate editor Regina Munch speaks with Kiera Ganga Kieffer, a professor of religious studies at Fairfield University. Her new book, Unvaccinated Under God, offers a provocative reading of the history of vaccine hesitancy in America. 

Anti-vaccination beliefs are less a matter of scientific misinformation, Kieffer argues, than forms of religious expression, in which vaccines themselves become proxies for broader existential concerns about justice and morality.

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